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Bone Tumors (Biopsy)

Bone tumor biopsy is a medical procedure performed to obtain a tissue sample from a suspicious bone lesion. This sample is then examined under a microscope by a pathologist to determine the nature of the tumor, whether it's benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), and its specific characteristics. Biopsy is crucial for accurately diagnosing the type and grade of the bone tumor. They provide valuable prognostic information, helping doctors predict the tumor's behavior and the patient's likely outcome.

Needle Biopsy: In this minimally invasive procedure, a thin needle is inserted into the tumor to extract a small tissue sample. Needle biopsy is often performed under image guidance, such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan, to ensure accurate placement.

Open Biopsy: In an open biopsy, a surgical incision is made to directly access the tumor and obtain a tissue sample.

Benign Bone Lesions-Curettage And Bone Grafting

Curettage and bone grafting is a surgical procedure commonly employed to treat benign bone lesions. It involves the removal (curettage) of the abnormal tissue from the affected bone followed by the placement of a bone graft to promote healing and restore bone strength. Using specialized instruments, the abnormal tissue is carefully scraped out from the bone cavity. This process aims to remove all traces of the lesion while preserving as much healthy bone as possible. Bone graft can be sourced from various locations such as the patient's own bone (autograft), a donor bone (allograft), or synthetic materials. The bone graft serves as a scaffold for new bone formation, promoting healing and restoring structural integrity to the bone.

Malignant Bone Tumors-Limb Salvage Surgeries

Limb salvage surgery is a specialized approach aimed at removing cancerous bone tissue while preserving the limb's function and structure. In the past, amputation was often the standard treatment for malignant bone tumors. However, advancements in surgical techniques and technology now allow for the removal of tumors while sparing the affected limb. This approach has significantly improved the quality of life for patients, enabling them to maintain mobility and functionality. Following limb salvage surgery, patients will undergo a comprehensive rehabilitation program to regain strength, mobility, and function. This may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and ongoing monitoring to ensure optimal healing and recovery.

Metastatic Bone Lesions Fixation

Surgery plays a crucial role in the management of metastatic bone lesions. The primary goal of surgical treatment is to stabilize the affected bone, relieve pain, and improve the patient's quality of life. One of the main surgical procedures used in the management of metastatic bone lesions is fixation. Fixation involves stabilizing the affected bone using implants such as plates, screws, rods, or intramedullary nails.

Mega prosthesis (tumor prosthesis):

A mega prosthesis, also known as a tumor prosthesis, is a specialized medical implant designed to replace large segments of bone affected by tumors. This advanced solution is often used in patients with bone cancers, such as osteosarcoma, where traditional surgical methods may not be sufficient.

When a bone tumor is detected, surgical removal of the affected bone is often necessary. In the past, this could lead to significant loss of function or even amputation. However, the development of mega prostheses has revolutionized treatment options. These custom-made implants can replace extensive sections of bone, including parts of joints, restoring both appearance and function.

The procedure involves carefully removing the tumor and the surrounding bone, then fitting the prosthesis into place. Made from durable materials like titanium, these implants are designed to mimic the structure and function of natural bone. Recovery involves physical therapy to regain strength and mobility, but many patients can return to normal activities over time.